I-invoyisi isidlulelwe yisikhathi ngezinsuku ezingamashumi ayisithupha. Izimpendulo ze-WeChat zehle zaba ukuxolisa komugqa owodwa, bese kuyathula. Imboni isathumela ku-akhawunti yayo esemthethweni njengokungathi akukho okungalungile. Kubahlinzeki baphesheya kwezilwandle kanye nezinkampani zesevisi, lesi yisikhathi lapho umbuzo uyeka ukuba ukuhweba bese uba semthethweni: empeleni yini engenziwa ngaphakathi ezweni laseChina ukuze kubuyiswe imali?
Impendulo eqotho ukuthi kuningi okungenziwa - kodwa amathuluzi ayalandelana, futhi ukweqa izinyathelo ngokuvamile kubiza ngaphezu kokulondoloza. Ngezansi kunemephu esebenzayo esihamba ngayo amakhasimende.
Qala ngokufaka isandla, hhayi ukumangalelana
Iningi le-China eliphumelelayo lokubuyisela izikweletu akugcini enkantolo. Iphetha ngokulungiswa okuhlelekile okubangelwa ingcindezi ethembekile. Ngaphambi kokubhala isikhalazo, izinto ezintathu okufanele zenziwe ngokuhambisana.
Okokuqala, qinisekisa umkweletu ngendlela efanele. Donsa irekhodi leNational Enterprise Credit Information Publicity System, uhlole ukuthi ingabe inkampani ifakwe ohlwini lwebhizinisi "lokusebenza okungavamile", bheka izahlulelo ezikhona ngokumelene nayo ku-China Judgments Online, futhi uhlole ukuthi ingabe abanamasheya noma abameleli bezomthetho bafakwe ohlwini lwabahluleli bezahlulelo (失信被执行人). Ozakwethu osevele esohlwini lwabangakhokhi kahle ulishintsha ngokuphelele isu lakho - kungenzeka ukuthi ukleliswe ngemuva kwenqwaba yabanye abakweletwayo.
Okwesibili, thumela incwadi yesidingo esemthethweni ngesiShayina, ku-letterhead yomeluleki we-PRC, ecaphuna inkontileka kanye nama-invoyisi athile adlulelwe yisikhathi. Lokhu kuzwakala kunesizotha, kodwa kokuhlangenwe nakho kwethu kuxazulula ukwabelana okunengqondo kwezingxabano ngokuqondile. Incwadi evela kummeli we-PRC ovunyelwe i-bar-admited ikhombisa ukuthi umbolekisi wangaphandle akasahambi futhi nokuthi isinyathelo esilandelayo sezindleko.
Okwesithathu, bheka amaphuzu okucindezela ubuhlobo ngaphambi kokuba anyamalale. Ingabe okweletayo usezovuselela ilayisense, enze uhlu lwenkampani engaphansi, akhuphule uxhaso, noma athumele izimpahla ngechweba lapho zingavinjwa khona? Isilinganiso esikhona namuhla ngokuvamile asikho ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Umzila wokumangalela umphakathi
Uma ingcindezi ihluleka futhi inkontileka yakho ikhomba inkantolo ye-PRC, isimangalo somphakathi siyindlela ezenzakalelayo. Amakhenika ajwayelekile kunoma ubani oke wamangalela ezohwebo, kodwa izici ezimbalwa zihlukile.
Igunya lithathwa ngokungathí sina. Izinkantolo ze-PRC zizocubungula ukuthi ingabe zinegunya elifanele yini ngaphansi kwenkontileka kanye Nomthetho Wenqubo Yomphakathi, futhi isigatshana somthetho esinephutha ngesinye sezizathu ezivame kakhulu ukuthi abamangali bakwamanye amazwe balahlekelwe yizinyanga lapho befika. Uma inkontileka ithulile, igunya ngokuvamile lilandela indawo yokuhlala yommangalelwa noma indawo yokusebenza kwenkontileka.
Imithetho yobufakazi iqinile kunalokho okulindelekile abenzi bomthetho ovamile. Amadokhumenti olimi lwangaphandle ngokuvamile adinga ukuhunyushwa kwesiShayina okuqinisekisiwe. Ubufakazi obakhiwe ngaphandle kwezwekazi laseShayina - imizuzu yebhodi, ama-PDF asayiniwe, amaketanga e-imeyili - ngokuvamile kudinga ukusatshalaliswa ezweni lendabuko futhi, kuye ngombhalo kanye nesimo samanje sesivumelwano, kungaba semthethweni kwenxusa noma i-apostille. Ukwakha leli phakethe lobufakazi kusenesikhathi, ngaphambi kokugcwalisa, kuvimbela ukuhlehliswa okubuhlungu kakhulu.
Izikhathi zesikhathi ziyahlukahluka ngenkantolo nokuba yinkimbinkimbi, kodwa isimangalo senkontileka esiqondile nommangalelwa ngokubambisana singahamba ngokushesha kunalokho okulindelekile kubameli bakwamanye amazwe; udaba oluphikiswayo olunezikhalazo lungaqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Izimali zenkantolo zibalwa njengephesenti lesimangalo futhi zikhokhwa ngaphambili ngummangali, bese ziyabuyiselwa.
Ukulamula nge-CIETAC noma i-SHIAC
Lapho inkontileka iqukethe isigatshana sokulamula - kanye nezinkontileka zezentengiselwano eziwela umngcele namaqembu e-PRC, ngokuvamile kufanele - umzila ushintshe. Izikhungo ezimbili ojwayele ukuzibona yi-CIETAC (Ikhomishini Yokulwa Nezomnotho Yamazwe Ngamazwe Nezohwebo yaseChina) kanye ne-SHIAC (i-Shanghai International Arbitration Centre). Zombili zisingatha izingxabano zezentengiselwano ezihlobene nezangaphandle ngokuvamile, zishicilela imithetho yazo ngesiNgisi, futhi zigcina amaphaneli abalamuli abanolwazi lokuwela imingcele.
Amanothi ambalwa asebenzayo:- Ukwenza uhlaka kubaluleke ngaphezu kwesikhungo esikhethiwe. Isigatshana esisho isikhungo ngokucacile, silungisa isihlalo, ulimi, nomthetho ophethe, futhi sigweme amagama ayingxube ("ukulamula noma ukumangalela") sizokugcinela impi yezomthetho kamuva.
- Imiklomelo iphoqeleka ukuthi isebenze phesheya. I-China iyizwe elinenkontileka ye-New York Convention, ngakho umklomelo we-CIETAC noma we-SHIAC ungase usetshenziswe emikhakheni eminingi lapho okweletayo ephethe khona impahla - iwusizo uma usola ukuthi imali isivele ithuthele ogwini.
- Izinyathelo zesikhashana ezivela enkantolo zikhawulelwe. Izinkantolo ze-PRC azinikezi imiyalo yokumiswa kwempahla; labo bavela ezinkantolo (bheka ngezansi), futhi isikhungo sokulamula sidlulisa isicelo.
- Ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo kuyinto emisiwe. Lokhu kunciphisa izindlela zombili: ulahlekelwa ingcindezi yesithunzi sokugcwaliswa komphakathi, kodwa ulondoloza ubudlelwano bezohwebo ongase ufune ukuphinde ubakhe.
Ezingxabano zenani eliphezulu noma eziyinkimbinkimbi zobuchwepheshe, ukulamula kuvame ukuba umzila ohlanzekile. Kuma-invoyisi angakhokhelwa aqonde kumkweletu omncane wasekhaya, ukumangalela enkantolo yendawo kungashesha futhi kushibhe.
Ukuqandisa kwempahla: i-lever engasetshenziswa kancane
Ithuluzi elilodwa elinganakwa kakhulu e-China lokubuyisela isikweletu ukugcinwa kwempahla - i-PRC elingana nomthetho oqandayo. Ummangali angafaka isicelo enkantolo, ngaphambi kokufaka noma eceleni kwesimangalo, sokumisa ama-akhawunti asebhange, izinzuzo zokulingana, izindlu nomhlaba, nokunye okutholwayo komkweleti kuze kufike kunani elifunwayo.
Izici ezimbili ezenza lokhu kube namandla. Okokuqala, iyatholakala ekusekeleni kokubili ukuqulwa kwecala kanye nokulamula (ngesikhungo sokulamula esisebenza njengomgudu). Okwesibili, inganikezwa ngokushesha - ngezinye izikhathi phakathi nezinsuku - okubalulekile lapho okweletayo ehambisa imali ngokusobala.
Ukuhwebelana kuyiqiniso. Umfakisicelo ngokuvamile kufanele athumele isibambiso, ngokuvamile esisesimweni sesiqinisekiso esivela enkampanini yesiqiniseko sase-China enelayisensi, esimboza ukulahlekelwa okungase kube khona kumkweleti uma ukumisa kuvela ukuthi akulungile. Ukucacisa izimpahla ngokunembile kuwumthwalo wommangali; izicelo ezingacacile ziyanqatshwa. Futhi ukubanda okushaya ama-akhawunti asebenzayo kungabhidliza izingxoxo zokuxazulula kalula nje njengoba kungase kuzisheshise - kuyisivikelo, hhayi umnyakazo ozenzakalelayo.
Uma kusetshenziswe kahle, ukumisa iqhwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kuguqula "asinamali" komkweleti kube yizingxoxo. Isetshenziswe kabi, ishisa ubuhlobo kanye nediphozi yesibambiso.
Ukuqinisa emngceleni: ukucabanga okubili kuya phambili
Uma izimpahla zomkweleti wakho zihlala ezweni lase-China kuphela, ukwahlulela noma umklomelo we-PRC yilokho okudingayo. Uma izimpahla zisakazwa kulo lonke elase-Hong Kong, e-Singapore, e-UK, noma kwenye indawo, hlela umzila wokuphoqelela ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe inkundla yokuxazulula izingxabano.
- Izahlulelo ze-Mainland ziyasebenza e-Hong Kong ngaphansi kokuhlelwa kokuphoqelela okuhambisanayo, ngokuya ngemibandela yakhona.
- Imiklomelo ye-Arbitral ihamba phambili kunezinqumo zenkantolo ngenxa ye-New York Convention.
- Izinkantolo zase-UK zizoqaphela izahlulelo ezithile zangaphandle ngaphansi kwezimiso zomthetho ezivamile, kodwa indlela ihileleke kakhulu kunemiklomelo ye-arbitral.
Ukukhethwa kwenkundla esigabeni sokwakhiwa kwenkontileka, empeleni, kuwukukhetha kwendawo yokuphoqelela eminyakeni eminingi kamuva. Kuphathe kanjalo.
Isevisi kaSerene Jade [Ummeli waseShayina](/imikhiqizo/ummeli wasechinese) ibhangqa amabhizinisi aphesheya ane-PRC eyamukelwe ngebha kanye nabammeli base-Hong Kong ngazo kanye lezi zindaba - izincwadi zokufuna, ukuxazululwa kwe-CIETAC ne-SHIAC, izimangalo zomphakathi, kanye nezicelo zokugcinwa kwempahla.
FAQ
Umb: Inkontileka yami ingesiNgisi futhi isayinwa nge-imeyili kuphela. Ingabe isasebenza enkantolo ye-PRC? IMP: Ngokuvamile yebo - Umthetho we-PRC uqaphela izinkontileka ze-elekthronikhi nezinkontileka zolimi lwangaphandle - kodwa uzodinga ukuhumusha kwesiShayina okuqinisekisiwe, futhi kufanele ulindele inkantolo ukuthi ihlolisise ubuqiniso. Ukwazisa uchungechunge lwe-imeyili olusuka kuyo kuqinisa ifayela kakhulu.
Umbuzo: Inkampani ekweletayo ibukeka ingenalutho kodwa umphathi ushayela iPorsche. Singamlandela mathupha? IMP: Ezimweni ezithile kuphela - ngokuvamile lapho ungabonisa khona ukuhlangana kwabanikazi bamasheya kwezimpahla, ukwehlisa imali, noma ukukhwabanisa okwanele ukubhoboza iveli yebhizinisi. Kuyikhambi langempela ekusebenzeni kwe-PRC kodwa ibha yobufakazi obuphezulu; qoqa ukugeleza kwebhange kanye nobufakazi bokwenziwe kweqembu elihlobene kusenesikhathi.Umbuzo: Ingabe kufanelekile ukuphishekela isikweletu esingaphansi kwe-USD 30,000? IMPENDULO: Ngokuvamile yebo, uma okweletayo ekhokhile futhi etholakala, ngoba izindleko zenkantolo ye-PRC nezinkokhelo zommeli ngesimangalo senkontileka esihlanzekile zilingana nesamba. Isibalo sishintsha kakhulu uma okweletayo esevele engowephula umthetho osohlwini - ngaleso sikhathi, amathemba okuthola kabusha, hhayi ukufaneleka kwezomthetho, aqhuba isinqumo.